Repeat After Me: Affective Scaffolding for Arabic Speaking Fluency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23971/jallt.v4i1.413Keywords:
affective scaffolding, Arabic speaking fluency, Psychomotor learning, Repeat after me, Teacher vocal strategyAbstract
Despite the widespread use of repetition in Arabic speaking instruction, empirical research examining its affective scaffolding dimension particularly teacher vocal modulation as an emotional and psychomotor support remains limited.This study investigates the role of affective scaffolding in enhancing Arabic speaking fluency through the “Repeat After Me” technique in a pesantren-based classroom. Using a quasi-experimental mixed-method design, sixty male students were divided into experimental and control groups over eight weeks of instruction. The experimental group received teacher-guided vocal scaffolding involving tone modulation, rhythmic pacing, and empathetic feedback, while the control group practiced standard repetition. Quantitative results revealed significant improvements in fluency (Cohen’s d = 0.89) and a notable reduction in language anxiety among the experimental group. Qualitative findings from interviews indicated that collective repetition fostered emotional safety, enjoyment, and imitation of native-like pronunciation, despite physical fatigue. The integration of affective and psychomotor elements transformed repetition into an engaging, embodied learning process that strengthened confidence and rhythmical accuracy. This study concludes that teacher vocal modulation functions as both an emotional regulator and a psychomotor model, offering a holistic framework for Arabic language pedagogy that unites sound, emotion, and bodily expression.
References
Aaj, A., Maftoon, P., & Siyyari, M. (2024). Do young EFL learners benefit from task repetition? The Language Learning Journal, 52(6), 650–661. https://doi.org/10.1080/09571736.2023.2213706
Albarqi, G. (2024). Self-Monitoring Foci, Speed, and the Relationship with Pausing Behavior in an EFL Context. Sage Open, 14(4), 21582440241289985. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241289985
Almelhes, S. (2024). Enhancing Arabic Language Acquisition: Effective Strategies for Addressing Non-Native Learners’ Challenges. Education Sciences, 14(10), 1116. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14101116
Alshaikhi, M. H. (2025). Comparative Repetition Pedagogy: Integrating Drama, Role Play, and Task-Based Learning in Bilingual Arabic-English University Efl Classrooms. SSRN. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5168492
Atkinson, D., Mejía‐Laguna, J., Ribeiro, A. C., Cappellini, M., Kayi‐Aydar, H., & Lowie, W. (2025). Relationality, interconnectedness, and identity: A process‐focused approach to second language acquisition and teaching (SLA/T). The Modern Language Journal, 109(S1), 39–63. https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12982
Busse, V., McLaren, L.-M., & Dahm, A. (2024). Responding to migration-related diversity in the classroom: A comparison of diversity-sensitive approaches to stimulate word acquisition in early FL teaching. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 45(5), 1596–1615. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2021.2005611
Creswell, J. W. (2021). A Concise Introduction to Mixed Methods Research. SAGE Publications, Inc.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2020). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE Publications.
Crippen, M., & Lindemann, D. M. (2024). Selective permeability, multiculturalism and affordances in education. Philosophical Psychology, 37(7), 1924–1947. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2023.2255612
Elnagar, A., Yagi, S. M., Nassif, A. B., Shahin, I., & Salloum, S. A. (2021). Systematic Literature Review of Dialectal Arabic: Identification and Detection. IEEE Access, 9, 31010–31042. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3059504
Hanifansyah, N., Arifin, A., Zulpina, Z., Mahmudah, M., & Syaheed, S. M. (2025). RELIGIOUS DRAMA CONTROVERSY: The Impact of Bidaah on Islamic Pedagogy and Media Literacy. MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 49(2), 314. https://doi.org/10.30821/miqot.v49i2.1407
Joubran-Awadie, N., & Shalhoub-Awwad, Y. (2023). Morphological distance between spoken Palestinian dialect and standard Arabic and its implications for reading acquisition. First Language, 43(2), 200–230. https://doi.org/10.1177/01427237221145375
Karami, H., & Karimi, M. N. (2025). L2 learners’ linguistic/Discoursal accuracy, interactive communication, and emotional mastery in emotionally-loaded speaking tasks: Effects of an emotion regulation intervention. Current Psychology, 44(2), 1140–1155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-07208-6
Khwaileh, T., Mustafawi, E., Elbuy, S., Numan, N., & Ulde, S. (2025). Arabic Aphasia Research Through a Clinical and Linguistic Lens: A Systematic Review of Current Limitations and Future Directions. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 60(4), e70064. https://doi.org/10.1111/1460-6984.70064
Li, P., & Lan, Y.-J. (2022). Digital Language Learning (DLL): Insights from Behavior, Cognition, and the Brain. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 25(3), 361–378. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728921000353
Lopez, K., Gravier, M., Vasquez, A., Soto, J., Tollast, A., & Higby, E. (2023). Cross-language Generalization in Bilingual Aphasia: Influence of Manner of Second Language Acquisition. Aphasiology, 37(10), 1594–1622. https://doi.org/10.1080/02687038.2022.2114289
Ma, Y. (2022). The triarchy of L2 learners’ emotion, cognition, and language performance: Anxiety, self-efficacy, and speaking skill in lights of the emerging theories in SLA. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1002492. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1002492
Malone, K. L. (2023). The effects of modeling‐based pedagogy on conceptual understanding, scientific reasoning skills, and attitudes towards science of English learners. Science Education, 107(5), 1269–1301. https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.21805
Masnun, M., Hanifansyah, N., & Khalid, S. M. S. bin. (2024). Senior Teaches Junior (STJ) Approach in Enhancing Arabic Vocabulary through Kitab Af’al: A Case Study in Malaysia. Arabi : Journal of Arabic Studies, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.24865/ajas.v9i2.851
Nussbaum, M., & Bekerman, Z. (2025). Advancing holistic educational goals through generative language-based technologies. Learning and Individual Differences, 117, 102600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2024.102600
Pelkey, J. (2023). Embodiment and language. WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(5), e1649. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1649
Santos, O. C. (2023). Beyond Cognitive and Affective Issues: Designing Smart Learning Environments for Psychomotor Personalized Learning. In J. M. Spector, B. B. Lockee, & M. D. Childress (Eds), Learning, Design, and Technology (pp. 3309–3332). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17461-7_8
Sato, M., Thorne, S. L., Michel, M., Alexopoulou, T., & Hellermann, J. (2025). Language, people, classrooms, world: Blending disparate theories for united language education practices. The Modern Language Journal, 109(S1), 15–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12976
Shetewi, O., Corrigan, K. P., & Khattab, G. (2024). Children’s Multilectal Repertoires: Diglossic Style-Shifting by Palestinian Children and Adolescents in Syria. Languages, 9(11), 341. https://doi.org/10.3390/languages9110341
Solehudin, M., & Arisandi, Y. (2024). Language Interference in Arabic Learning: A Case Study of Islamic Boarding Schools in Indonesia. Al-Ta’rib : Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab IAIN Palangka Raya, 12(2), 423–438. https://doi.org/10.23971/altarib.v12i2.9170
Suzuki, Y., & Hanzawa, K. (2022). MASSED TASK REPETITION IS A DOUBLE-EDGED SWORD FOR FLUENCY DEVELOPMENT: AN EFL CLASSROOM STUDY. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 44(2), 536–561. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263121000358
Syaheed, S. M., & Salam, A. A. (2026). Beyond Anxiety: Linguistic Calmness and the Emergence of Arabic Speech Flow. Farasyah: Journal of Linguistics and Language Education, 1(1), 43–53.
Tong, P., An, I. S., & Zhou, Y. (2024). From teacher-intended to learner-actualised affordances in a WeChat-Supported mobile Chinese language learning environment. System, 126, 103459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103459
White, C. (2025). Embodied resonance in technology-mediated group music-making. International Journal of Performance Arts and Digital Media, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/14794713.2025.2473139
Witte, A. (2023). Bringing the body into play: The corporeal aspect in second language acquisition. The Modern Language Journal, 107(3), 693–712. https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12861
Zhang, C., Bowen, N. E. J. A., & Thomas, N. (2025). Oral corrective feedback and learner uptake: An analysis of Chinese high-school teachers’ practices in a national teaching competition. Classroom Discourse, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/19463014.2025.2474233
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Segaf Baharun, Moh. Tohiri Habib, Nurul Azira, Adham Hasif

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.
Benefits of open access for the author, include:
- Free access for all users worldwide
- Authors retain copyright to their work
- Increased visibility and readership
- Rapid publication
- No spatial constraints
Works/articles in this journal as are bound to Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License



